1\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u6807\u51c6\uff1a
\na.\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u65e0\u94c5\u710a\u6599\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n\u25a0\u65e0\u6bd2\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u548c\u4ef7\u683c\u5408\u9002\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u5de5\u827a\u6e29\u5ea6\u5728\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u5438\u6e7f\u6027\u5728\u5141\u8bb8\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u80fd\u591f\u5f62\u6210\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u70b9\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u6750\u6599\u53ef\u5236\u9020\u6027\uff1b
\nb.\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5236\u9020\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u5fc3NCMS\u65e0\u94c5\u710a\u6599\u9879\u76ee\u52fe\u753b\u51fa\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u76f8\u5e94\u6807\u51c6\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n\u25a0\u6bd2\u6027\uff1a\u8981\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8ePb\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u4f9b\u5e94\uff1a\u8981\u8db3\u591f80%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8f6c\u5316\u5e94\u7528\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u8d39\u7528\uff1a\u4ee5\u4f53\u6750\u6599\u63d0\u4f9b\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u4f4e\u4e8e10\u7f8e\u5143\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u56fa\u5316\u6e29\u5ea6\uff1a\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5176\u6240\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u6db2\u5316\u6e29\u5ea6\uff1a\u5c0f\u4e8e225\u2103\uff1b\uff08\u9632\u6b62\u5143\u4ef6\u70ed\u635f\u4f24\uff09
\n\u25a0\u6d46\u72b6\u8303\u56f4\uff1a\u5c0f\u4e8e30\u2103\uff1b\uff08\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u6ce2\u5cf0\u710a\u65f6\u88c2\u5f00\uff09
\n\u25a0\u5438\u6e7f\u6027\u80fd\uff1a\u8981\u4e0e\u5171\u7194Sn\/Pb\u76f8\u6bd4\u62df\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u8986\u76d6\u9762\u79ef\uff1a\u5927\u4e8e85%\uff1b\uff08\u5728\u94dc\u4e0a\uff0c\u70b9\u8638\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff09
\n\u25a0\u70ed\u673a\u68b0\u75b2\u52b3\uff1a\u5927\u4e8e75%\uff1b\uff08\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5171\u7194Sn\/Pb\uff09
\n\u25a0\u70ed\u6269\u5c55\u7cfb\u6570\uff1a\u5c0f\u4e8e29ppm\/\u2103\uff1b\uff08\u9632\u6b62\u710a\u6599\u8fde\u63a5\u5904\u5c40\u90e8\u5e94\u529b\uff09
\n\u25a0\u8513\u5ef6\uff1a\u5927\u4e8e500psi\uff1b\uff08\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u4e0b10000min\u5185\u5bfc\u81f4\u5931\u6548\uff09
\n\u25a0\u5ef6\u5c55\u6027\uff1a\u5927\u4e8e10%\uff08\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u4e0b\u5355\u8f74\u5e94\u53d8\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5236\u9020\u710a\u6599\u8fde\u7ebf\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u578b\u65f6\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u6bd2\u6027\uff1a
\na.OSHA PEL\u548cACGIH TLV\uff1a
\nBi<Zn\u6c27\u5316<Sn\uff08\u65e0\u673a\u7684\uff09<Cu\u7c89<Sb\u53ca\u5176\u5316\u5408\u7269<Sn\u6709\u673a\u7269<Cu\u70df<In\u53ca\u5176\u5316\u5408\u7269<Ag\u7c89\u76d2Ag\u70df<Ag\u53ca\u5176\u53ef\u6eb6\u5316\u5408\u7269<\u65e0\u673aPb\uff1b
\nb.\u6162\u6027\u6bd2\u6027\uff1a
\nBi<In<Zn\uff08\u6c27\u5316\uff09<Cu<Ag<Sn<Sb<Pb\uff1b
\nc.\u8868\u9762\u88c5\u914d\u8ba8\u8bba\u62a5\u544a\uff1a
\nBi<Zn<In<Sn<Cu<Sb<Ag<Pb\uff1b
\nd.\u7528\u4e8e\u79fb\u52a8\u901a\u4fe1\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7535\u8def\u677f\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\uff1a
\nAu<Sn<Al<Ag<Ni<Cu<Pb\uff1b<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u6210\u672c\u548c\u53ef\u5229\u7528\u6027\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u94c5\u662f\u6700\u4fbf\u5b9c\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u65e0\u94c5\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u90fd\u6ce8\u5b9a\u8981\u6bd4\u5171\u7194Sn-Pb\u710a\u6599\u8d35\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cZn\u3001Cu\u3001Sb\u7684\u6210\u672c\u7a0d\u4f4e\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6210\u5206\u8fd8\u662f\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0cAg\u548cIn\u7684\u9ad8\u4ef7\u683c\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6750\u6599\u5728\u710a\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u5206\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u5360\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9Bi\u548cIn\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9650\u5236\u5219\u9650\u5236\u5b83\u4eec\u6210\u4e3a\u710a\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\uff1b<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u65e0\u94c5\u5408\u91d1\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u72b6\u51b5\uff1a
\na.\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5408\u91d1\uff1a
\n\u25a0\u4e8c\u5143\u542b\u9521\u5171\u7194\u5408\u91d1\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u975e\u5171\u7194\u4e8c\u5143\u542b\u9521\u5408\u91d1\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u4e0d\u542b\u9521\u7684\u65e0\u94c5\u5408\u91d1\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u5176\u4ed6\u65e0\u94c5\u5408\u91d1\uff1b
\nb.\u5408\u91d1\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6279\u53ef\u9009\u6750\u6599\u662f\u5bf9\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5408\u91d1\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8c03\u6574\u65f6\u52a0\u5165\u5fae\u91cf\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5982Ag\u3001Cu\u3001Bi\u3001In\u3001Sb\u3001Ge\u3001P\u3001Ni\u3001Fe\u3001Au\u3001Ga\u3001Co\u7b49\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u5438\u6e7f\u6027\u3001\u952e\u5408\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u963b\u6297\u3001\u6742\u8d28\u627f\u53d7\u7b49\u7ea7\u3001\u964d\u4f4e\u7194\u5316\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u7cbe\u70bc\u6676\u7c92\u7ed3\u6784\u7b49
\n\u25a0\u6e7f\u5316\uff1a\u6e7f\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f4e\u8868\u9762\u80fd\u91cf\u710a\u6599\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b9e\u7528\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e7f\u5316\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\u5728\u4e8e\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u7387\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u7194\u5316\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u952e\u5408\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff1aFurusawa\u7b49\u4eba\u62a5\u9053\u8bf4\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u67d0\u4e9b\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u964d\u4f4e\u7194\u5316\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u952e\u5408\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u6c27\u5316\u963b\u6297\uff1a\u6709\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u5982P\uff0c\u5728\u4ece\u4e00\u4e9b\u6b21\u7ea7\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e2d\u63d0\u70bc\u51faCu\u548c\u710a\u6599\u65f6\u8d77\u8fd8\u539f\u5242\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u6676\u7c92\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u88c2\u7f1d\u662f\u6750\u6599\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f20\u529b\u6216\u526a\u5207\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u53d8\u5f62\uff0c\u88c2\u7f1d\u901a\u8fc7\u70ed\u6fc0\u6d3b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u5f53\u6e29\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7\u710a\u6599\u7194\u5316\u6e29\u5ea6\uff08\u5f00\u5c14\u6587\u6e29\u5ea6\uff09\u4e00\u534a\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u88c2\u7f1d\u662f\u710a\u6599\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53d8\u5f62\u673a\u5236\uff1b
\n\u25a0\u6742\u8d28\u5bb9\u9650\uff1a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6742\u8d28\u5143\u7d20\u5bf9\u710a\u63a5\u7279\u6027\u548c\u7269\u7406\u6027\u80fd\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u7740\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u7684\u6076\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u710a\u6599\u5bf9\u6742\u8d28\u7684\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u662f\u6742\u8d28\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff1b<\/p>\n
5\u3001\u65e0\u94c5\u5408\u91d1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u72b6\u51b5\uff1a
\n\u5982\u8868\u6240\u793a\u4e3a\u5bf9\u65e0\u94c5\u710a\u6599\u5408\u91d1\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u53d7\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u542b\u94c5\u5408\u91d1\uff0c63Sn-37Pb\u548c62Sn-36Pb-2Ag\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u5408\u91d1\u7684\u547d\u540d\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u5176\u6210\u5206\u542b\u91cf\u800c\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u542b\u91cf\u9ad8\u7684\u5217\u5728\u524d\u9762\uff1b<\/p>\n
6\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u65e0\u94c5\u5408\u91d1\u5143\u7d20\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u503e\u5411\u6027\uff1a
\na.\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u65e5\u672c\u662f\u9996\u5148\u8d2f\u5f7b\u6267\u884c\u65e0\u94c5\u710a\u6599\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5bf9\u5408\u91d1\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u5316\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u7535\u5b50\u5de5\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\uff08JEIDA\uff09\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u5bf9\u5408\u91d1\u7ed9\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e86\u63a8\u8350\uff1b
\nb.\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u534f\u4f1aBRITE-EURAM\u63a8\u8350\u5c0695.5Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu\u4f5c\u4e3a\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5408\u91d1\uff1b
\nc.\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u7535\u5b50\u5236\u9020\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4f1aNEMI\u63a8\u8350\u5728\u6ce2\u5cf0\u710a\u65f6\u4f7f\u752899.3Sn-0.7Cu\uff0c\u5728\u56de\u6d41\u710a\u65f6\u4f7f\u752896.5Sn-3.5Ag\u548c95.5Sn-3.9Ag-0.6Cu\uff0cNCMS\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u662f96.5Sn-3.5Ag\uff0c91.7Sn-3.5Ag-4.8Bi\u548c58Bi-42Sn\uff1b
\nd.\u533a\u57df\u6027\u9009\u62e9\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a
\n\u25a0Bi\uff1a\u4e00\u822cBi\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u548c\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u5730\u533a\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u542bBi\u7684\u5408\u91d1\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u710a\u6599\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u7c7b\uff1b
\n\u25a0Zn\uff1a\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u548c\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eZn\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u542bZn\u7684\u5408\u91d1\u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u8003\u8651\uff1b
\n\u25a0Sb\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8eSb\u6bd2\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u8981\u6bd4\u6b27\u6d32\u548c\u5317\u7f8e\u66f4\u5173\u5fc3\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u5728\u82f1\u56fdDTI\u5c06\u542bSb\u7684\u5408\u91d1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u9009\u62e9\uff1b
\n\u25a0In\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u5408\u91d1\u4e2dIn\u7684\u542b\u91cf\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u542bIn\u7684\u5408\u91d1\u5728\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5c31\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff1b<\/p>\n
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